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Huawei H12-831_V1.0-ENU Exam is a rigorous exam that requires a thorough understanding of advanced routing and switching technologies. H12-831_V1.0-ENU exam is designed to test the candidate's knowledge of a wide range of topics, including the principles of routing and switching, network planning and design, network security, and troubleshooting. H12-831_V1.0-ENU Exam is also designed to test the candidate's ability to implement and maintain complex networks, and to troubleshoot network issues in a timely and effective manner.

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Huawei H12-831_V1.0-ENU (HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology V1.0) Certification Exam is a highly respected certification in the IT industry. It is recognized worldwide and is considered a benchmark for the skills and knowledge of IT professionals in the field of data communication. HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology V1.0 certification exam is an excellent opportunity for IT professionals to enhance their skills and knowledge, improve their career prospects, and gain recognition in the industry.

Huawei HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology V1.0 Sample Questions (Q53-Q58):

NEW QUESTION # 53
In the VLAN aggregation technology, multiple Sub-VLANs are used to isolate the wide recruitment area, and these Sub-VLANs are aggregated into a logical Super-VLAN. A company divides different departments into different Sub-VLANs because of the Sub-VLAN. VLAN not only includes physical connections, but also can establish a three-layer VLANIF interface, which can directly communicate with the external network on the three-layer.

A. FALSE
B. TRUE

Answer: A

NEW QUESTION # 54
On the ISIS network shown in the figure, R1 imports a default route using the default-route-advertise always level-1 command. In this case, R3 can learn this default route through IS-IS.

A. FALSE
B. TRUE

Answer: A

NEW QUESTION # 55
On the network shown in the figure, a network engineer finds that the path between PC1 and PC2 is not the optimal path, and all links along the path have the same cost.
Given this, which of the following routers may be the root bridges of the Layer 2 network?

Options:

A. SW4
B. SW3
C. SW2
D. SW1

Answer: A,D

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
Understanding the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) and Root Bridge Selection
* Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is used to prevent loops in a Layer 2 network by electing a Root Bridge and determining a loop-free topology.
* The Root Bridge is elected based on the lowest Bridge ID (BID), which consists of:
* Priority Value (Lower is preferred, default is 32768).
* MAC Address (Lower MAC wins in case of a tie).
* The optimal forwarding path is chosen based on cost, which is usually determined by the link bandwidth.
Why the Path is Not Optimal?
* The network engineer states that all links have the same cost, meaning that the STP Root Bridge election determines the topology rather than cost differences.
* The fact that the path between PC1 and PC2 is suboptimal suggests that the Root Bridge may not be ideally placed.
Determining the Likely Root Bridge:
* The Root Bridge is the switch with the lowest BID (priority + MAC).
* All switches calculate the shortest path to the Root Bridge and place ports in either Forwarding or Blocking mode.
* From the diagram, the traffic is flowing through SW2 # SW4 # SW3 instead of directly via SW2 # SW3.
* This suggests that the Root Bridge is likely SW1 or SW4 because:
* Root Bridges do not block any ports.
* If SW1 or SW4 is the Root Bridge, the spanning tree topology might force the path to take a longer route.
Key Takeaways:
* Root Bridge selection influences the entire Layer 2 forwarding path.
* The lowest Bridge ID (priority + MAC) determines the Root Bridge.
* If a suboptimal path is taken, the Root Bridge is likely placed in a location that forces certain links to block.
* In this scenario, SW1 or SW4 is the most probable Root Bridge, forcing traffic through an unintended path.
HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology References:
* Huawei HCIP-Datacom Official Certification Guide, Chapter on Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) and Root Bridge Selection.
* Huawei Datacom Training Materials, Section on STP Convergence and Network Optimization.
* Huawei Datacom Configuration Guide, Command Reference for STP Root Bridge Selection and Path Calculation.

NEW QUESTION # 56
On the OSPF network shown in the figure, the cost values of links are marked. OSPF IP FRR is enabled on R1. The primary path from R1 to 10.0.3.3/32 is R1 -> R2 -> R3, and the backup path is R1 -> R4 -> R2 -> R3.

A. FALSE
B. TRUE

Answer: B

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:To determine whether the statement is true or false, we need to analyze the OSPF network, the cost values of the links, the primary and backup paths, and the role of OSPF IP Fast Reroute (FRR) enabled on R1. Let's break it down step by step:
* Understanding the Network Topology and Costs:
* The network consists of four routers: R1, R2, R3, and R4.
* The destination network is 10.0.3.3/32, located at R3.
* The link costs are as follows:
* R1 to R2: Cost = 10
* R1 to R4: Cost = 10
* R4 to R2: Cost = 20
* R2 to R3: Cost = 5
* The total cost of a path is the sum of the costs of all links in that path.
* Calculating the Primary Path Cost (R1 -> R2 -> R3):
* Path: R1 -> R2 (cost = 10) -> R3 (cost = 5)
* Total cost = 10 + 5 = 15
* This is the shortest path (lowest cost) from R1 to R3, as stated in the question. OSPF uses the Dijkstra algorithm to calculate the shortest path based on link costs, so R1 will naturally select R1
-> R2 -> R3 as the primary path to reach 10.0.3.3/32.
* Calculating the Backup Path Cost (R1 -> R4 -> R2 -> R3):
* Path: R1 -> R4 (cost = 10) -> R2 (cost = 20) -> R3 (cost = 5)
* Total cost = 10 + 20 + 5 = 35
* This path has a higher cost (35) compared to the primary path (15), which is expected for a backup path. The backup path is not used under normal conditions but is precomputed for fast failover in case the primary path fails.
* Role of OSPF IP Fast Reroute (FRR):
* OSPF IP FRR is a mechanism designed to provide fast convergence in case of link or node failures by precomputing backup paths. When enabled on R1, FRR ensures that R1 has a precomputed backup path to quickly switch traffic to an alternate route (e.g., R1 -> R4 -> R2 -> R3) if the primary path (R1 -> R2 -> R3) fails.
* FRR typically uses Loop-Free Alternates (LFA) or other techniques to ensure the backup path does not create loops and is immediately available. In this case, the backup path R1 -> R4 -> R2 -
> R3 is valid because:
* It does not loop back to R1.
* It reaches R3, the destination.
* The cost (35) is higher than the primary path (15), but this is acceptable for a backup path.
* The question states that OSPF IP FRR is enabled on R1, and the backup path is explicitly given as R1 -> R4 -> R2 -> R3. This aligns with FRR's purpose of maintaining a precomputed backup path.
* Verifying the Statement:
* The statement claims: "The primary path from R1 to 10.0.3.3/32 is R1 -> R2 -> R3, and the backup path is R1 -> R4 -> R2 -> R3."
* We calculated that the primary path (R1 -> R2 -> R3) has a cost of 15, which is the shortest path and correct for OSPF's behavior.
* The backup path (R1 -> R4 -> R2 -> R3) has a cost of 35, which is higher but valid as a backup path, especially with OSPF IP FRR enabled on R1 to ensure fast failover.
* Both paths are correctly identified in the question, and OSPF IP FRR's presence on R1 supports the existence of a precomputed backup path. Therefore, the statement is accurate.
* Conclusion:
* The primary path (R1 -> R2 -> R3) and backup path (R1 -> R4 -> R2 -> R3) are correctly described, and OSPF IP FRR on R1 ensures the backup path is precomputed and ready for use.
Thus, the statement is true.
References (Based on HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology Concepts):
* OSPF Path Calculation: HCIP-Datacom documentation on OSPF's Dijkstra algorithm and cost-based path selection (e.g., Section on OSPF Routing Metrics).
* OSPF IP Fast Reroute (FRR): HCIP-Datacom coverage of FRR mechanisms, including Loop-Free Alternates and backup path computation (e.g., Chapter on OSPF Advanced Features and High Availability).
* Link Cost and Path Optimization: HCIP-Datacom explanation of link cost configuration and OSPF path selection (e.g., Section on OSPF Network Design and Optimization).
Based on the provided image and the context of the HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology exam, I'll format and answer the question you've shared. I'll ensure the response is accurate, detailed, and aligned with the official HCIP-Datacom documentation, while correcting any typos and providing a comprehensive explanation. Since you've only provided one question in the image, I'll address it in the requested format. If there are additional questions, please share them, and I'll format and answer them similarly.

NEW QUESTION # 57
On the OSPFv3 network shown in the figure, area 1 is an NSSA. R1 imports the external route 2000::1/128 to OSPFv3. Which of the following LSAs are available in area 0?

A. Inter-Area-Router-LSA
B. Inter-Area-Prefix-LSA
C. Link-LSA
D. Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA

Answer: A,B

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:To determine which LSAs are available in Area 0, we need to analyze the OSPFv3 network, the area types, and the behavior of external routes in an NSSA, considering the possibility of multiple correct answers. Let's break it down step by step:
* Understanding the Network and Area Types:
* The network has two areas: Area 0 (backbone area) and Area 1 (Not-So-Stubby Area or NSSA).
* R1, located in Area 1, imports an external IPv6 route (2000::1/128) into OSPFv3.
* Area 0 is the backbone area, and Area 1 is an NSSA, which allows limited external routes but has specific restrictions on LSA types.
* OSPFv3 LSA Types and Their Roles:
* Link-LSA (Type 8): These are link-local LSAs, flooded only within the local link and not propagated beyond the local segment. They are not flooded into Area 0 or other areas, so they are not relevant for inter-area or external route advertisement.
* Inter-Area-Router-LSA (Type 4): These LSAs are used to describe routers in other areas, specifically Autonomous System Boundary Routers (ASBRs) that originate external routes. In this case, R1 is an ASBR in Area 1 (NSSA) importing the external route 2000::1/128. Type 4 LSAs are generated by the ABR (e.g., R1 or another router connecting Area 1 to Area 0) and flooded into Area 0 to provide reachability information to the ASBR (R1) for the external route.
Therefore, Inter-Area-Router-LSAs can be present in Area 0 to help routers reach R1 as the ASBR.
* Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (Type 9): These LSAs advertise prefixes associated with routers or transit networks within the same area. They are not used for external routes and are confined to Area 1, so they are not available in Area 0.
* Inter-Area-Prefix-LSA (Type 3): These LSAs advertise prefixes from one area to another, including routes summarized or redistributed into the OSPF domain. In an NSSA, external routes (like 2000::1/128) are advertised as Type 7 LSAs within Area 1. The ABR (e.g., R1 or another router) translates these Type 7 LSAs into Type 5 LSAs or, in OSPFv3, they may be represented as Inter-Area-Prefix-LSAs (Type 3) to flood the external route into Area 0. Thus, Inter-Area- Prefix-LSAs are available in Area 0 for the external route 2000::1/128.
* Behavior of External Routes in an NSSA:
* In OSPFv3, an NSSA (like Area 1) allows external routes to be imported by an ASBR (R1 in this case). NSSAs do not flood Type 5 LSAs (external LSAs) directly into the area. Instead, external routes are advertised as Type 7 LSAs within the NSSA.
* The Area Border Router (ABR) connecting the NSSA (Area 1) to the backbone (Area 0)-likely R1 or another router-translates the Type 7 LSAs into Type 5 LSAs (or, in OSPFv3, they may be represented as Inter-Area-Prefix-LSAs or other appropriate LSAs for external routes). These translated LSAs are then flooded into Area 0.
* Additionally, since R1 is an ASBR, Area 0 needs to know how to reach R1 to access the external route 2000::1/128. This is achieved through Inter-Area-Router-LSAs (Type 4), which are flooded into Area 0 by the ABR to describe the location of the ASBR (R1) in Area 1.
* Determining LSAs Available in Area 0:
* Link-LSA (Type 8): These are link-local and not flooded into Area 0, so they are not available in Area 0.
* Inter-Area-Router-LSA (Type 4): Since R1 is an ASBR in Area 1 (NSSA) importing the external route, the ABR (e.g., R1 or another router) generates Inter-Area-Router-LSAs to advertise R1's location to Area 0. This LSA is necessary for routers in Area 0 to reach the ASBR (R1) for the external route 2000::1/128. Therefore, Inter-Area-Router-LSAs are available in Area
0.
* Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (Type 9): These are confined to Area 1 and not flooded into Area 0, so they are not available in Area 0.
* Inter-Area-Prefix-LSA (Type 3): This LSA is used to advertise the external prefix 2000::1/128 into Area 0 after translation from Type 7 LSAs in Area 1. Therefore, Inter-Area-Prefix-LSAs are available in Area 0.
* Conclusion:
* The external route 2000::1/128, imported by R1 in Area 1 (NSSA), results in both Inter-Area- Router-LSAs (Type 4) and Inter-Area-Prefix-LSAs (Type 3) being available in Area 0.
* Inter-Area-Router-LSA (Type 4) is present to describe the location of the ASBR (R1) in Area 1, allowing routers in Area 0 to reach R1 for the external route.
* Inter-Area-Prefix-LSA (Type 3) is present to advertise the external prefix 2000::1/128 into Area 0 after translation from the Type 7 LSA in Area 1.
* Therefore, the correct answers are B (Inter-Area-Router-LSA) and D (Inter-Area-Prefix-LSA).
References (Based on HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology Concepts):
* OSPFv3 LSA Types: HCIP-Datacom documentation on OSPFv3 LSAs, including Link-LSA, Inter- Area-Router-LSA, Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA, and Inter-Area-Prefix-LSA (e.g., Section on OSPFv3 Fundamentals).
* NSSA Behavior in OSPFv3: HCIP-Datacom coverage of NSSA areas, Type 7 LSAs, and their translation to Type 5 or Inter-Area-Prefix-LSAs for Area 0, as well as Inter-Area-Router-LSAs for ASBR reachability (e.g., Chapter on OSPFv3 Advanced Features and Area Types).
* External Route Propagation: HCIP-Datacom explanation of external route handling in OSPFv3, including ASBR and ABR roles, and LSA types for inter-area and external route advertisement (e.g., Section on Route Redistribution and IPv6 OSPF).

NEW QUESTION # 58
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