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Juniper Security, Professional (JNCIP-SEC) Sample Questions (Q70-Q75):

NEW QUESTION # 70
You are configuring advanced policy-based routing. You have created a static route with next hop of an interface in your inet.0 routing table

Referring to the exhibit, what should be changed to solve this issue?

A. You should delete the interface-routes configuration under the routing-options hierarchy.
B. You should move the static route configuration to the main routing instance.
C. You should change the routing instance type to virtual-router.
D. You should move the inet. o table before the routing instance table in your rib-groups configuration.

Answer: D

NEW QUESTION # 71
Which two statements are true about the procedures the Junos security device uses when handling traffic destined for the device itself? (Choose two.)

A. If the received packet is destined for an interface other than the ingress interface, then the device performs a security policy evaluation for the junos-host zone.
B. If the received packet is destined for an interface other than the ingress interface, then the device performs a security policy evaluation based on the ingress and egress zone.
C. If the received packet is addressed to the ingress interface, then the device first examines the host- inbound-traffic configuration for the ingress interface and zone.
D. If the received packet is addressed to the ingress interface, then the device first performs a security policy evaluation for the junos-host zone.

Answer: A,C

Explanation:
When handling traffic that is destined for itself, the SRX examines the host-inbound-traffic configuration for the ingress interface and the associated security zone. It evaluates whether the traffic should be allowed based on this configuration. Traffic not addressed to the ingress interface is handled based on security policies within the junos-host zone, which applies to traffic directed to the SRX itself. For more details, refer to Juniper Host Inbound Traffic Documentation.
When handling traffic that is destined for the SRX device itself (also known as host-bound traffic), the SRX follows a specific process to evaluate the traffic and apply the appropriate security policies. The junos-host zone is a special security zone used for managing traffic destined for the device itself, such as management traffic (SSH, SNMP, etc.).
* Explanation of Answer B (Packet to a Different Interface):
* If the packet is destined for an interface other than the ingress interface, the SRX performs a security policy evaluation specifically for the junos-host zone. This ensures that management or host-bound traffic is evaluated according to the security policies defined for that zone.
* Explanation of Answer C (Packet to the Ingress Interface):
* If the packet is addressed to the ingress interface, the device first checks the host-inbound- traffic configuration for the ingress interface and zone. This configuration determines whether certain types of traffic (such as SSH, HTTP, etc.) are allowed to reach the device on that specific interface.
Step-by-Step Handling of Host-Bound Traffic:
* Host-Inbound Traffic: Define which services are allowed to the SRX device itself:
bash
set security zones security-zone <zone-name> host-inbound-traffic system-services ssh
* Security Policy for junos-host: Ensure policies are defined for managing traffic destined for the SRX device:
bash
set security policies from-zone <zone-name> to-zone junos-host policy allow-ssh match source-address any set security policies from-zone <zone-name> to-zone junos-host policy allow-ssh match destination-address any Juniper Security Reference:
* Junos-Host Zone: This special zone handles traffic destined for the SRX device, including management traffic. Security policies must be configured to allow this traffic. Reference: Juniper Networks Host-Inbound Traffic Documentation.

NEW QUESTION # 72
Exhibit:

Referring to the flow logs exhibit, which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)

A. The packet is dropped by a configured security policy.
B. The data shown requires a traceoptions flag of basic-datapath.
C. The data shown requires a traceoptions flag of host-traffic.
D. The packet is dropped by the default security policy.

Answer: B,D

Explanation:
* Understanding the Flow Log Output:
From the flow logs in the exhibit, we can observe the following key events:
* The session creation was initiated (flow_first_create_session), but the policy search failed (flow_first_policy_search), which implies that no matching policy was found between the zones involved (zone trust-> zone dmz).
* The packet was dropped with the reason "denied by policy." This shows that the packet was dropped either due to no matching security policy or because the default policy denies the traffic (packet dropped, denied by policy).
* The line denied by policy default-policy-logical-system-00(2) indicates that the default security policy is responsible for denying the traffic, confirming that no explicit security policy was configured to allow this traffic.
* Explanation of Answer A (Dropped by the default security policy):
The log message clearly states that the packet was dropped by the default security policy (default-policy- logical-system-00). In Junos, when a session is attempted between two zones and no explicit policy exists to allow the traffic, the default policy is to deny the traffic. This is a common behavior in Junos OS when a security policy does not explicitly allow traffic between zones.
* Explanation of Answer D (Requires traceoptions flag of basic-datapath):
The information displayed in the log involves session creation, flow policy search, and packet dropping due to policy violations, which are all part of basic packet processing in the data path. This type of information is logged when the traceoptions flag is set to basic-datapath. The basic-datapath traceoption provides detailed information about the forwarding process, including policy lookups and packet drops, which is precisely what we see in the exhibit.
* The traceoptions flag host-traffic (Answer C) is incorrect because host-traffic is typically used for traffic destined to or generated from the Junos device itself (e.g., SSH or SNMP traffic to the SRX device), not for traffic passing through the device.
* To capture flow processing details like those shown, you need the basic-datapath traceoptions flag, which provides details about packet forwarding and policy evaluation.
Step-by-Step Configuration for Tracing (Basic-Datapath):
* Enable flow traceoptions:
To capture detailed information about how traffic is being processed, including policy lookups and flow session creation, enable traceoptions for the flow.
bash
set security flow traceoptions file flow-log
set security flow traceoptions flag basic-datapath
* Apply the configuration and commit:
bash
commit
* View the logs:
Once enabled, you can check the trace logs for packet flows, policy lookups, and session creation details:
bash
show log flow-log
This log will contain information similar to the exhibit, including session creation attempts and packet drops due to security policy.
Juniper Security Reference:
* Default Security Policies: Juniper SRX devices have a default security policy to deny all traffic that is not explicitly allowed by user-defined policies. This is essential for security best practices. Reference:
Juniper Networks Documentation on Security Policies.
* Traceoptions for Debugging Flows: Using traceoptions is crucial for debugging and understanding how traffic is handled by the SRX, particularly when issues arise from policy misconfigurations or routing. Reference: Juniper Traceoptions.
By using the basic-datapath traceoptions, you can gain insights into how the device processes traffic, including policy lookups, route lookups, and packet drops, as demonstrated in the exhibit.

NEW QUESTION # 73
Exhibit

You configure a traceoptions file called radius on your returns the output shown in the exhibit What is the source of the problem?

A. An incorrect password is being used.
B. The RADIUS server suffered a hardware failure.
C. The RADIUS server IP address is unreachable.
D. The authentication order is misconfigured.

Answer: B

NEW QUESTION # 74
All interfaces involved in transparent mode are configured with which protocol family?

A. ethernet - switching
B. mpls
C. bridge
D. inet

Answer: C

NEW QUESTION # 75
......

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